Nasturtiums, with their vibrant, jewel-toned flowers and round, peppery leaves, bring a burst of color and a touch of whimsy to any garden. These annual plants are known for their brilliant blooms that come in shades of red, orange, yellow, and cream, creating a stunning contrast against their lush, green foliage. The trailing or bushy forms make nasturtiums versatile, perfect for garden beds, borders, containers, or hanging baskets.

In Florida planting zone 9, nasturtiums thrive during the cooler months, growing quickly and producing an abundance of flowers. The plants prefer full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil. Watching these cheerful plants flourish and bloom is a rewarding experience, showcasing the vibrancy and beauty of your garden.

Nasturtiums are not only visually appealing but also entirely edible, making them a delightful addition to culinary creations. The flowers add a bright, peppery flavor to salads, garnishes, and sandwiches, while the leaves can be used similarly to arugula, adding a spicy kick to dishes. The seed pods can be pickled and used as a substitute for capers, providing a unique and flavorful touch to your meals.

I would give nasturtiums a 5 out of 5 on how easy they are to grow. They are very easy to cultivate and manage, making them perfect for beginners and experienced gardeners alike.

Nasturtium Growing Guide for Zone 9

Planting Time: In Florida, plant nasturtiums in early spring or fall. Nasturtiums thrive in cooler weather but can tolerate the heat of summer, making them suitable for both spring and fall planting.

Soil: Nasturtiums prefer well-draining soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.5. They can grow in poor soils, but adding compost can improve fertility and structure.

Sun: Nasturtiums grow best in full sun to partial shade, requiring at least 4-6 hours of sunlight daily.

Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water regularly, especially during dry spells, to keep the soil evenly moist.

Spacing: Plant nasturtium seeds or transplants 10-12 inches apart. Nasturtiums can spread, so proper spacing ensures adequate air circulation and room for growth.

Fertilization:
N-P-K Ratio: Nasturtiums benefit from a balanced fertilizer with a slightly lower nitrogen content to support flower production rather than excessive leaf growth, such as 5-10-10 or 5-5-5.

When to Add:

• Before Planting: Apply the fertilizer to the soil before planting seeds or transplants to promote strong initial growth.

• Mid-Growing Season: Reapply the fertilizer lightly every 6-8 weeks during the growing season if needed to support continued growth and blooming.

Application Tips:

• Follow the directions on the fertilizer package to avoid over-fertilization, which can result in more leaves than flowers.

• Apply the fertilizer evenly around the base of the plants and water thoroughly to help the nutrients reach the roots.

Additional Tips:

• Nasturtiums grow best in well-drained soil with moderate fertility, so excessive fertilization is not typically required.

• Mulch around the plants to help retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature.

• Ensure that nasturtiums receive consistent moisture, especially during flowering, to prevent stress and promote abundant blooming.

Blog post on Natural Fertilizers

Harvesting: Nasturtiums are ready to harvest when the flowers are fully open and vibrant, typically 40-50 days after planting. Pick the flowers by gently pinching or cutting them off at the base of the stem. Both the flowers and leaves are edible and can be harvested as needed. For the best flavor, harvest in the morning after the dew has dried. The flowers and leaves can be used fresh or dried for later use.

Uses:

Culinary Uses: Nasturtium flowers and leaves are edible and have a peppery, spicy flavor. They can be used to add a zesty taste to salads, sandwiches, and garnishes. The seeds can be pickled and used as a caper substitute.

Medicinal Uses: Traditionally, nasturtiums have been used for their antiseptic and expectorant properties. Nasturtium tea is believed to help with respiratory infections and boost the immune system.

Other Uses: Nasturtiums are often used as a companion plant to deter pests such as aphids and whiteflies. They are also popular in floral arrangements and as ground cover due to their vibrant, attractive flowers.

Beneficial Insects: Nasturtiums attract a variety of beneficial insects, including:

• Bees: Which are important pollinators.

• Butterflies: Which also help with pollination.

• Hoverflies: Whose larvae feed on aphids.

• Ladybugs: Which help control aphids.

• Lacewings: Whose larvae prey on soft-bodied pests like aphids and mites.

Pests and Diseases:

• Aphids: Small insects that suck sap from the leaves and stems, causing curling and yellowing.

• Cabbage Loopers: Caterpillars that chew on leaves and flowers, causing damage.

• Whiteflies: Small, white insects that feed on the undersides of leaves, causing wilting and yellowing.

Natural Pest Control

• Powdery Mildew: A fungal disease that causes a white, powdery coating on the leaves.

• Downy Mildew: A fungal disease that causes yellowing and browning of the leaves, often with a fuzzy growth on the underside.

Vegetables to Avoid Planting Near Nasturtiums:

None specific: Nasturtiums generally do not have specific companion planting issues but ensure they have enough space and are not overcrowded by other plants.

Warning:

• Safe for Animals: Nasturtiums are generally considered safe for pets and livestock. They are non-toxic and can even be a healthy addition to their diet in moderation.

• Possible Skin Irritant: Handling nasturtiums may cause skin irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. Wearing gloves while handling the plant can help prevent this.

• Allergies: Individuals with allergies to plants in the Tropaeolaceae family may experience allergic reactions when handling nasturtiums.