Carnations, with their ruffled, fragrant blooms and rich history, bring a touch of elegance and timeless beauty to any garden. These perennial flowers, often grown as annuals, are known for their wide range of colors, including pink, red, white, and yellow. The intricate, frilly petals and spicy clove-like scent make carnations a delightful addition to garden beds, borders, or containers.

In Florida planting zone 9, carnations thrive, particularly during the cooler months when the temperatures are more moderate. The plants grow into bushy forms, reaching heights of up to 24 inches, and produce abundant blooms. Watching these exquisite flowers grow and flourish is a rewarding experience, showcasing the sophistication and charm of your garden.

Carnations are not only visually stunning but also have culinary and medicinal uses. The petals are edible and can be used to add color and a mild, spicy flavor to salads, desserts, and beverages. Carnation petals are also used to make syrups and cordials, infusing a sweet, floral taste into various dishes. Additionally, carnations have been used in traditional medicine for their soothing properties, often incorporated into teas and topical remedies to relieve stress and inflammation.

I would give carnations a 4 out of 5 on how easy they are to grow. While they require some attention to soil conditions and watering, they are relatively straightforward to cultivate, making them suitable for both beginners and experienced gardeners.

Carnation Growing Guide for Zone 9

Planting Time: In Florida, plant carnations in early spring or fall. Carnations thrive in cooler weather but can tolerate the heat of summer, making them suitable for both spring and fall planting.

Soil: Carnations prefer well-draining soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Adding compost or well-rotted manure to the soil can improve fertility and structure.

Sun: Carnations grow best in full sun, requiring at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily.

Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water regularly, especially during dry spells, to keep the soil evenly moist.

Spacing: Plant carnation seeds or transplants 12-18 inches apart. Carnations can spread, so proper spacing ensures adequate air circulation and room for growth.

Fertilization:
N-P-K Ratio: Carnations benefit from a balanced fertilizer with a slightly higher phosphorus content to support strong root and flower development, such as 5-10-10 or 10-10-10.

When to Add:

• Before Planting: Apply the fertilizer to the soil before planting seeds or transplants to promote strong initial growth.

• Early Spring: Reapply the fertilizer in early spring as new growth begins.

• Mid-Growing Season: Reapply the fertilizer every 4-6 weeks during the growing season to support continued growth and blooming.

Application Tips:

• Follow the directions on the fertilizer package to avoid over-fertilization.

• Apply the fertilizer evenly around the base of the plants and water thoroughly to help the nutrients reach the roots.

Additional Tips:

• Carnations grow best in well-drained soil rich in organic matter, so consider adding compost to improve soil fertility and structure.

• Mulch around the plants to help retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature.

• Ensure that carnations receive consistent moisture, especially during flowering, to prevent stress and promote abundant blooming.

Blog post on Natural Fertilizers

Harvesting: Carnations are ready to harvest when the flowers are fully open and the petals are vibrant, typically 80-90 days after planting. Cut the stems with the flowers attached, leaving a few inches of stem below the flower head. For the best vase life, harvest in the morning after the dew has dried.

Uses:

Culinary Uses: Carnation petals can be used to add a slightly spicy, clove-like flavor to salads, desserts, and beverages. They are often used as a garnish or candied for decorative purposes.

Medicinal Uses: Traditionally, carnation petals have been used for their anti-inflammatory and calming properties. Carnation tea is believed to help with reducing stress and anxiety, and easing digestive issues.

Other Uses: Carnations are popular in floral arrangements and bouquets due to their long-lasting blooms and pleasant fragrance. They are also used in potpourri and as a natural dye.

Beneficial Insects: Carnations attract a variety of beneficial insects, including:

• Bees: Which are important pollinators.

• Butterflies: Which also help with pollination.

Pests and Diseases:

• Aphids: Small insects that suck sap from the leaves and stems, causing curling and yellowing.

• Spider Mites: Tiny mites that cause stippling and yellowing of the leaves.

Natural Pest Control

• Fusarium Wilt: A fungal disease that causes yellowing, wilting, and eventual death of the plant.

Vegetables to Avoid Planting Near Carnations:

None specific: Carnations generally do not have specific companion planting issues but ensure they have enough space and are not overcrowded by other plants.

Warning:

• Poisonous to Animals: Carnations can be mildly toxic to pets, especially dogs and cats, if ingested. Symptoms may include mild gastrointestinal upset, such as drooling, vomiting, and diarrhea.

• Possible Skin Irritant: Handling carnations may cause skin irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. Wearing gloves while handling the plant can help prevent this.